PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.